Encoding, Hashing and Bytes

Text encodings

encoding converts strings between common representations.

import @encoding

do main() {
    mut encoded string = encoding.base64_encode("hello")
    println(encoded)
    println(encoding.base64_decode(encoded))
    println(encoding.hex_encode("hi"))
    println(encoding.url_encode("a b&c"))
    println(encoding.html_escape("<b>"))
}

The same module converts to and from byte arrays.

import @encoding

do main() {
    mut bytes [u8] = encoding.from_string("abc")
    println(len(bytes))
    println(encoding.to_hex(bytes))
    println(encoding.to_string(bytes))
}

Hashing

import @crypto

do main() {
    println(crypto.sha256("hello"))
    println(crypto.hmac_sha256("key", "message"))
    println(crypto.constant_time_equal("abc", "abc"))
    println(len(crypto.random_hex(16)))
}

Use constant_time_equal to compare secrets such as tokens, so the comparison time does not leak how many characters matched. md5 and sha1 exist for compatibility with older formats; prefer sha256 or sha512.

Binary integers

binary turns integers into [u8] and back, in little-endian (_le) or big-endian (_be) order.

import @binary

do main() {
    mut bytes [u8] = binary.encode_i32_le(1000)
    println(len(bytes))
    mut value i32 = binary.decode_i32_le(bytes)
    println(value)
}

import @binary

do main() {
    mut big [u8] = binary.encode_u16_be(258)
    println(big[0])
    println(big[1])
}